Avaliação da execução de Plano Local de Habitação de Interesse Social / Evaluation of implementation Local Plan of Social Interest Housing

O artigo apresenta uma metodologia de avaliação da execução do Plano Local de Habitação de Interesse Social, aplicado em um município de pequeno porte localizado no oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina, visando à aplicação real do método. A pesquisa, fruto de tese de doutorado, foi de natureza aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa, caracterizada como exploratória. O método proposto contemplou três etapas ­ constituídas por levantamento das características de base, avaliação do PLHIS e o diagnóstico e proposições de melhorias ­ possibilita a avaliação sistemática de todo o período temporal relativo à execução do PLHIS. Os resultados mostraram que o município, na sua dinâmica real, não utiliza o Plano para direcionar as ações na área habitacional, embora constantemente manuseado, o plano não é usado como parâmetro que direcione as ações a serem desenvolvidas. Com a aplicação do método, foi possível observar outros aspectos que precisam ser contemplados no processo avaliativo.

The aim of this paper is to present a methodology for evaluating the implementation of Local Plans of Social Interested Housing (PLHIS ­ Planos Locais de Habitação de Interesse Social), applied to a small city located in the western of Santa Catarina state, seeking the real application of the method. The research was applied, with a qualitative approach, characterized as exploratory. The proposed method included three steps ­ survey of baseline characteristics, evaluation of PLHIS and the diagnosis and proposals of improvements ­ enables the systematic evaluation of the entire time period on the implementation of PLHIS. The results showed that the municipality, in its real dynamics, does not use the Plan to guide actions in the housing area, is constantly handled, but not used as a parameter that directs the actions to be developed. With the applicability of the method, it was observed that it still needs contemplate other aspects. It is suggested that the method can be applied in another small municipalities.

Production layout improvement in emergency services: a participatory approach.

Volunteer fire department is a service that responds emergency situations in places where there are no military emergency services. These services need to respond quickly, because time is often responsible for the operation success besides work environment and setup time interfere with the prompt response to these calls and care efficiency. The layout design is one factor that interferes with the quick setup. In this case, the spaces arrangement can result in excessive or unnecessary movements; also the equipment provision may hinder the selection and collection of these or even create movement barriers for the workers. This work created a new layout for the emergency assistance service, considering the human factors related to work through the task analysis and workers participation on the alternatives of improvement. The results showed an alternate layout with corridors and minimization of unusable sites, allowing greater flexibility and new possibilities of requirements.

Low back injuries related to nursing professionals working conditions: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Identify the prevalence of low back disorders and associated risks, as well as the characteristics and ergonomic factors present in the work of nursing professionals. METHODS: Systematic review based on the search of terms such as low back pain, professionals, hospital ergonomics, work organization, nursing found in national and international databases. RESULTS: The prevalence of low back pain symptoms was between 14.7% and 72% and the main cause, that is, the transference of the patient from bed to chair, leaded to the profession abandonment as a main consequence. CONCLUSION: it was possible to conclude that the prevalence of low back injury is high among nursing professionals and its causes are related to occupational factors - physical or psychological, which are in many cases permanent and disabling.

Methodological proposal for occupational health and safety actions in research laboratories with nanotechnologies activities.

Nanotechnologies is a multidisciplinary set of techniques to manipulate matter on nanoscale level, more precisely particles below 100 nm whose characteristic due to small size is essentially different from those found in macro form materials. Regarding to these new properties of the materials there are knowledge gaps about the effects of these particles on human organism and the environment. Although it still being considered emerging technology it is growing increasingly fast as well as the number of products using nanotechnologies in some production level and so the number of researchers involved with the subject. Given this scenario and based on literature related, a comprehensive methodology for health and safety at work for researching laboratories with activities in nanotechnologies was developed, based on ILO structure guidelines for safety and health at work system on which a number of nanospecific recommendations were added to. The work intends to offer food for thought on controlling risks associated to nanotechnologies.

MAICAPI - metodologia para avaliação de impactos e custos ambientais em processos industriais: estudo de caso / Methodology for assessment of environmental impacts and costs in industrial processes: a case study

A preservação do meio ambiente, o uso racional de recursos naturais e a mudança de postura da sociedade frente às questões ambientais têm levado as indústrias a buscar um melhor desempenho nessa área. Aliado a esses fatores, está a constatação de que a geração de rejeitos é sinônimo de perdas econômicas. Desta forma, um melhor desempenho ambiental representa ganhos financeiros para a organização. Em vista disso, este artigo apresenta a Metodologia MAICAPI, desenvolvida para avaliar os impactos e os custos ambientais de processos industriais. Sua aplicação em uma indústria metal-mecânica, fabricante de incineradores industriais, permitiu identificar quais as etapas do processo produtivo apresentam impactos ambientais críticos, revelando as operações que mais contribuem para os custos ambientais dessa empresa.

Nowadays, industries are searching a better environmental performance stimulated by changes in society behavior concerning to environmental issues and reasonable use for natural resources. In addition, companies realized that they have economic losses producing wastes. So, a better environmental perfomance means financial benefits to the organization. This work presents MAICAPI Methodology developed to evaluate environmental impacts and costs in industrial processes. This methodology was applied on an incinerator machine factory and it allowed to identify process phases whose environmental impacts were critics. Besides, the methodology application also identified operations with higher environmental costs in this company.